Design your DIY solar
system in minutes.
Enter your loads, pick your system voltage, and get a complete parts list β sized exactly for your build.
Accurate load calculations
Battery bank sizing
Solar array recommendation
Charge controller sizing
Wiring diagram
Real product database DB
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System type
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Loads
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Location
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Sizing
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Parts list
β Unsaved design
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What are you powering?RV / Van
Mobile, 12V ideal
Cabin / Shed
Small off-grid
Off-Grid Home
Full home, no grid
Grid Backup
Hybrid / grid-tie
Grid-Tied + Storage
HV hybrid system
Marine / Boat
Saltwater-rated
Custom
Build from scratch
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System voltage12VRV / Marine
24VRV / Van
48VRecommended
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12V is standard for RVs, vans and boats. Simple to wire, lots of native 12V appliances. Best for systems under 1.5kW.
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AC grid / marketπΊπΈπ¨π¦
Split-phase
120/240V β North America
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Single-phase
230V β Europe / International
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Three-phase
400V β EU industrial / farm
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230V single-phase 50Hz is used across Europe, Australia, most of Africa, Asia and South America. Standard for most residential off-grid systems worldwide.
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Saved Designs
β save up to 5 scenarios to compare
Save as new design:
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Your appliance list| Appliance | Watts | Qty | Hrs/day | Wh/day | SurgeΓ |
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Wh/day total
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Peak watts
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Surge watts
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Avg watts
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Sun hours & locationπ
Annual avg
βοΈ Winter
β οΈ Worst month
βοΈ Summer
βοΈ Custom
JanFebMarAprMayJun
JulAugSepOctNovDec
4.0
Hours of full equivalent sunshine per day
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Panel tilt & shadingπ
Autonomy & battery design2
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System wiring overviewβ
Safety & code checklistAffiliate disclosure: This page uses affiliate links to products. We earn a small amount from qualifying purchases at no extra cost to you. All recommendations are based on specs and community reputation only.
Affiliate disclosure: This page uses affiliate links to products. We earn a small amount from qualifying purchases at no extra cost to you. All recommendations are based on specs and community reputation only.
βΉοΈShowing HV hybrid systems. Battery and inverter compatibility is enforced β only verified pairings are shown together. Select a battery to see matching inverters.
LiFePO4 Battery Builder
Configure DIY cell packs β series/parallel counts, BMS sizing, and full pack specs from the database.
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Cell configuration from DB1
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Pack specificationsπ‘οΈ
BMS recommendations from DBDC Wire Sizer
Find the correct wire gauge for any DC run. Imperial AWG and metric mmΒ² shown side by side.
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Circuit parametersπ
Wire sizing resultsπ
Fuse sizing guideπ¦
Recommended wire & connectors from DBSolar Education
Essential concepts for designing and building reliable DIY solar systems.
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Key formulas| Formula | Use |
|---|---|
W = V Γ A | Watts from volts & amps |
Ah = Wh Γ· V | Amp-hours from watt-hours |
Battery kWh = V Γ Ah Γ· 1000 | Battery energy capacity |
Panel W = Daily Wh Γ· (PSH Γ Ξ·) | Required solar watts |
MPPT A = Panel W Γ· Bat V Γ 1.25 | Charge controller sizing |
Voc_cold = Voc Γ (1 + Tc Γ ΞT) | Cold temp Voc correction |
VD = 2 Γ L Γ I Γ R/1000 | Voltage drop in wire run |
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LiFePO4 vs Lead Acid| LiFePO4 | Lead Acid | |
|---|---|---|
| Cycle life | 2,000β6,000 | 300β500 |
| Usable DoD | 80β100% | 50% |
| Weight | Light | Heavy |
| Cost/kWh | ~$150β250 | ~$100β150 |
| Maintenance | None | Water top-up |
| Cold performance | Discharge OK to β10Β°C; no charging below 0Β°C without self-heating | Charges below 0Β°C but loses 30β50% capacity at β10Β°C |
| Verdict | LiFePO4 wins long-term | |
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Voltage comparison| Voltage | Best for | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 12V | RV, van, boat under 1.5kW | Native 12V appliances; high current needs thick wire |
| 24V | RV, campervan, small off-grid | Good for mobile setups. For homes and cabins, 48V is recommended for better efficiency and equipment choice. |
| 48V | Everything else | 4Γ less current = 4Γ smaller wire. Better inverter efficiency. Industry standard for home/cabin. |
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Peak sun hours by city| Location | Avg PSH |
|---|---|
| Phoenix, AZ | 6.5 h |
| Miami, FL | 5.5 h |
| Denver, CO | 5.1 h |
| New York, NY | 4.1 h |
| Seattle, WA | 3.2 h |
| London, UK | 2.8 h |
| Helsinki, FI | 2.5 h |
| Sydney, AU | 5.8 h |
| Cape Town, ZA | 5.5 h |
β οΈ
Top beginner mistakes- Undersizing wire β heat and fire risk. Always size for 125% of continuous load.
- No fuse within 18 in / 460 mm of battery terminal β unprotected short circuit path.
- Mixing old and new batteries or different cell batches β destroys the whole bank.
- Panels partially shaded β kills entire string output. Use MPPT + shade-tolerant wiring.
- Skipping BMS on DIY LiFePO4 cells β overcharge, cell damage, or fire.
- Not top-balancing cells before first use β imbalanced pack from day one.
- Modified sine wave inverter with motors / medical equipment β overheating.
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Trusted resources- DIY Solar Power Forum β largest community
- Will Prowse YouTube β best video education
- Andy's Off Grid Garage YouTube β deep-dive LiFePO4 cell testing & DIY builds
- Signature Solar β trusted US vendor
- Current Connected β quality components
- Victron SmartShunt / Cerbo GX β best monitoring
- Solar Assistant β MPPT monitoring (Raspberry Pi)
PV String Voltage Calculator
Prevent MPPT damage. Cold temperatures raise panel Voc β a string that looks safe at 25Β°C can destroy your charge controller at β20Β°C. Check before you wire.
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Panel selection from DBUsed for MPPT voltage safety
Used for power & Vmp calculations
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String configuration4
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Temperature rangeβ20Β°C
60Β°C
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Use the coldest morning temperature you could ever experience at this location β not the average winter low. For MPPT safety, use the record low. Panels can reach +70β85Β°C in direct sun on hot days (cell temp = ambient + ~25β35Β°C).
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String voltage analysisπ
Voc vs temperature β string voltage curve
String Voc
String Vmp
MPPT max voltage
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Maximum safe series count for your MPPT